Journal: Nature Communications

Article Title: The innate immune protein calprotectin promotes Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus interaction

doi: 10.1038/ncomms11951

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( a ) Representative image of a P. aeruginosa biofilm grown in a drip flow reactor (DFR). The flow of nutrients is depicted by the topmost arrows ranging in colour from blue to brown. Blue boxes denote the approximate regions from which 12-μm-thick sections were obtained for MALDI IMS analysis. ( b , c ) MALDI IMS signals with differential biofilm localization found primarily in portions of the biomass presumed to be nutrient-replete. ( d , e ) MALDI IMS signals primarily localized to portions of the biomass predicted to be nutrient-deplete. ( f ) Overlay of signals shown in b – e highlighting sublocalization of signals within the predicted nutrient-replete and nutrient-deplete niches with zoomed insets highlighted. Scale bar, 3 mm (inset scale bars, 1 mm).

Article Snippet: Biofilms were grown in a Drip Flow Biofilm Reactor (DFR) (BioSurface Technologies, Bozeman, MT) similar to previously described methods using glass microscope slides as the growth surface.

Techniques:

Journal: Nature Communications

Article Title: The innate immune protein calprotectin promotes Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus interaction

doi: 10.1038/ncomms11951

Figure Lengend Snippet: m/z values and associated protein designations are included adjacent to MALDI IMS images of the biofilm section proximal to the nutrient pore highlighted in . These identifications derive from signals that were reproducibly detected during the analysis of 15 replicate DFR biofilms. Scale bar, 3 mm.

Article Snippet: Biofilms were grown in a Drip Flow Biofilm Reactor (DFR) (BioSurface Technologies, Bozeman, MT) similar to previously described methods using glass microscope slides as the growth surface.

Techniques:

Journal: Nature Communications

Article Title: The innate immune protein calprotectin promotes Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus interaction

doi: 10.1038/ncomms11951

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( a ) LA-ICP IMS analysis of a biofilm section containing a defined ‘central channel' and ‘nutrient-deplete edge'. Scale bar, 2 mm. ( b ) ICP-MS quantification of metal levels within distinct portions of the biofilm. Error bars represent s.d. of data derived from triplicate biofilms. ‘*' designates P <0.05, ‘**' designates P <0.002 as determined by a Student's t -test. ( c ) MALDI IMS analysis highlights the presence of differential protein distribution patterns that follow similar trends to the metal localization patterns. Scale bar, 3 mm. NS, not significant.

Article Snippet: Biofilms were grown in a Drip Flow Biofilm Reactor (DFR) (BioSurface Technologies, Bozeman, MT) similar to previously described methods using glass microscope slides as the growth surface.

Techniques: Derivative Assay

Journal: Nature Communications

Article Title: The innate immune protein calprotectin promotes Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus interaction

doi: 10.1038/ncomms11951

Figure Lengend Snippet: HcnB, PhzS and PqsB are components of various anti-staphylococcal biosynthetic pathways that were found in lower abundance in the biofilm edge. While expression of the corresponding genes has been shown to be both Fe and quorum sensing (QS)-regulated, the proteins' distribution profiles did not correlate with those of known Fe-responsive proteins such as FpvA and SdhA or proteins encoded by known QS-responsive genes such as LasA and RmlC. Error bars are s.e.m. derived from biological triplicate samples processed in four technical replicates per biofilm. ‘*' denotes P <0.05, ‘**' denotes P <0.02 as determined by a Student's t -test. NS, not significant.

Article Snippet: Biofilms were grown in a Drip Flow Biofilm Reactor (DFR) (BioSurface Technologies, Bozeman, MT) similar to previously described methods using glass microscope slides as the growth surface.

Techniques: Expressing, Derivative Assay

Journal: Foods

Article Title: Multispecies Bacterial Biofilms and Their Evaluation Using Bioreactors

doi: 10.3390/foods12244495

Figure Lengend Snippet: Different types of bioreactors used in biofilm formation.

Article Snippet: Laboratory-scale bioreactors include microtiter plates, agar plates, CDC bioreactors, drip-flow bioreactors, Bio-inLine ® (BioSurface Technologies, Bozeman, MT, USA) bioreactors, rotating cylinder annular bioreactors, constant depth film fermenters, and related modifications [ ].

Techniques: Extraction, Produced, Probiotics, Construct, Inhibition, Modification, Clinical Proteomics, Bacteria

Journal: Foods

Article Title: Multispecies Bacterial Biofilms and Their Evaluation Using Bioreactors

doi: 10.3390/foods12244495

Figure Lengend Snippet: Schematic diagram of Drip flow bioreactor , CDC bioreactor , Rotary disk bioreactor , Fluidized bed bioreactor .

Article Snippet: Laboratory-scale bioreactors include microtiter plates, agar plates, CDC bioreactors, drip-flow bioreactors, Bio-inLine ® (BioSurface Technologies, Bozeman, MT, USA) bioreactors, rotating cylinder annular bioreactors, constant depth film fermenters, and related modifications [ ].

Techniques:

Journal: BMC Microbiology

Article Title: An in vitro collagen perfusion wound biofilm model; with applications for antimicrobial studies and microbial metabolomics

doi: 10.1186/s12866-019-1682-5

Figure Lengend Snippet: In vitro collagen wound biofilm model, comprising a drip flow reactor set-up incorporating collagen coated slide coupons, showing assembly with tubing connected to simulated wound fluid reservoir and waste collection

Article Snippet: We describe an in vitro method for culturing wound associated microorganisms within a collagen wound biofilm model, combining a drip flow reactor system (Biosurface technologies, MZ, USA) with a three-dimensional type I collagen gel growth matrix and continuous perfusion of a previously developed simulated wound fluid (SWF) [ , , , ].

Techniques: In Vitro

Journal: Biomacromolecules

Article Title: Antibacterial and Biofilm-Disrupting Coatings from Resin Acid-Derived Materials

doi: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5b01005

Figure Lengend Snippet: Amounts of E. coli and S. aureus biofilm biomass accumulated on the surfaces after incubating in the CDC bioreactor. S1, pristine surface; S3, compound 1-grafted; and S5, polymer-grafted.

Article Snippet: Biofilms were grown on treated and untreated substrates separately within a flow-through CDC Biofilm Reactor (CBR, BioSurface Technol., Bozeman, MT, U.S.A.).

Techniques: